Among the simplest organisms, there are many parasites of animals and humans. Below is a list of parasitic protozoa that cause the most common and serious diseases.
Amoebic dysentery
Dysentery is similar to the common type, but smaller, the rhizome is shorter and wider. It enters the human digestive system through the mouth during the cyst stage. In the large intestine, the amoeba leaves the capsule shell and eats the bacteria without causing harm to humans. In the future, this simplest organism begins to penetrate the intestinal wall, eat red blood cells and become a parasite. Ulcers form in the intestines, depleting the human body. Have amoebic dysentery, or filariasis.
Amoebic dysentery can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver. Here, the parasite also leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
Forming cysts, the amoeba leaves the human body with undigested food debris. Mild cysts are contagious. If you don't wash your hands and food, you can get sick.
Plasmodium malaria
Plasmodia are parasitic protozoa. Several types of plasmodia cause malaria in humans. The carrier of malaria is the malaria mosquito. When bitten by an insect, plasmodium enters the host's bloodstream. Together with the blood, it reaches the liver, feeds there, grows and multiplies. Many plasmodia then re-enter the bloodstream and begin to parasitize the red blood cells, destroying them and releasing their waste products, poisoning the host. One person has a fever, he is anemic.
If a malaria patient is bitten again by an Anopheles mosquito, the plasmodia bacteria will then be transmitted from person to mosquito. In the mosquito body, Plasmodium reproduces sexually.
Malaria is common in Africa. This is a very dangerous disease. Combats malaria, including killing the malaria mosquito.
Trypanosomes
The genus trypanosomes are flagellated protozoa (related to the euglena). Their main host is vertebrates, and insects are often the carriers of the disease. Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases in animals and humans. They parasitize mainly in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The most common and well-known disease caused by trypanosomes is sleeping sickness.
The carrier of sleeping sickness is the sawtooth fly. This disease is endemic to tropical Africa. Sleep sickness develops in two stages: the first weeks the patient has fever and severe pain, after a month or more, drowsiness, sleep and coordination disturbances, and altered consciousness. The disease is easier to treat in its early stages.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of parasitic flagellated protozoa. Intestinal lamblia causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis from eating unwashed food containing Giardia cysts. Out of the cyst, the lamblia sticks to the intestines and eats the digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa. They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals. The vector that transmits the disease is the mosquito.
There are different types of leishmaniasis that involve damage to different tissues of the body. One of them is Pendinsky ulcerative skin disease.
Coccidia
Coccidia is parasitic on many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish. They cause coccidiosis, causing serious losses in livestock and fish farming.
Coccidia settle as spores containing parasitic cells.
The genus Toxoplasma belongs to the order coccidia. Their representatives cause such a common human disease as toxoplasmosis. A person becomes infected from pets or undercooked meat. Toxoplasmas affect many organs, including the nervous system.